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81.
Let X, Y be Polish spaces, , . We say A is universal for Γ provided that each x‐section of A is in Γ and each element of Γ occurs as an x‐section of A. An equivalence relation generated by a set is denoted by , where . The following results are shown:
- (1) If A is a set universal for all nonempty closed subsets of Y, then is a equivalence relation and .
- (2) If A is a set universal for all countable subsets of Y, then is a equivalence relation, and
- (i) and ;
- (ii) if , then ;
- (iii) if every set is Lebesgue measurable or has the Baire property, then .
- (iv) for , if every set has the Baire property, and E is any equivalence relation, then .
82.
Masaharu Ueno Satoshi D. Ohmura Makoto Wada Norikazu Miyoshi 《Tetrahedron letters》2019,60(7):570-573
We developed an environmentally friendly method for aerobic oxidation of alcohols using a commercially available, relatively benign bismuth salt as a catalyst. We found that the catalytic combination of BiBr3 with nitric acid is key for enhancing the reactivity. The reaction proceeds well under air, making the use of pure oxygen unnecessary. Each of the primary or secondary alcohols tested was oxidized to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones using this protocol. 相似文献
83.
Denis D. Borisov Grigory R. Chermashentsev Roman A. Novikov Yury V. Tomilov 《Tetrahedron letters》2019,60(10):746-750
New “four-component” self-assembly of polyaromatic thiophene structures based on styrylmalonates and 5-phenylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde has been developed. This process is promoted by GaCl3 and involves two [2?+?3]-annulation steps on the CHO-groups and para-substitution into one Ph-ring. The main feature of discovered process is a high diastereoselectivity with a significant increase in molecular complexity. The resulting polyaromatic structures containing two thiophene moieties in each structure have intense color and strong absorption in a near UV spectral region with absorption maxima in the range of 257–360?nm. 相似文献
84.
Sorokin V. M. Konoshchuk N. V. Khmil D. M. Posudievsky O. Yu. Koshechko V. G. Pokhodenko V. D. 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》2019,55(4):223-231
Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - A new method is proposed for the formation of MAPbBr3 nanoparticles in situ in a dispersion of polystyrene in toluene in the absence (MAPbBr3@PS) and... 相似文献
85.
Nonlinear Dynamics - The development of efficient computational methods for cracked structures is critical in the fields of civil, mechanical, and aerospace engineering since the influence of... 相似文献
86.
Yimei Wang Yi Qiao Xiaomin Xu Xiaohong Ding Weiwei Li Bo Yuan Haiyan Xu 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2019,33(8)
A sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of the major components of Huangqi–Honghua extact in rat plasma, including hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), astragaloside IV (ASIV), calycosin‐7‐O‐β‐d ‐glucoside (CAG), calycosin, calycosin‐3′‐O‐glucuronide (C‐3′‐G) and calycosin‐3′‐O‐sulfate (C‐3′‐S). After extraction by protein precipitation with acetonitrile and methanol from plasma, the analytes were separated on a Hypersil BDS C18 column by gradient elution with acetonitrile and 5 mM ammonium acetate. The detection was carried out on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source switched between negative and positive modes. HSYA was monitored in negative ionization mode from 0 to 4.9 min, and ASIV, CAG, calycosin, C‐3′‐G and C‐3′‐S were determined in positive ionization mode from 4.9 to 10 min. The lower limits of quantification of the analytes were 6.25 ng/mL for HSYA, 0.781 ng/mL for CAG and 1.56 ng/mL for ASIV and calycosin. The intra‐ and inter‐assay precision (RSD) values were within 13.43%, and accuracy (RE) ranged from ?8.75 to 9.92%. The validated method was then applied to the pharmacokinetic study of HSYA, ASIV, CAG, calycosin, C‐3′‐G and C‐3′‐S in rat after an oral administration of Huangqi–Honghua extract. 相似文献
87.
Accreditation and Quality Assurance - When reporting expanded uncertainty, rounding the number of significant figures can affect the associated level of confidence. A simple numerical method is... 相似文献
88.
Iain D. H. Oswald 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2019,75(8):1021-1022
A new crystalline form of αβ‐d ‐lactose prepared by oven drying a concentrated aqueous solution of d ‐lactose is a lesson in the power of observation and the rigorous analysis of powder samples. 相似文献
89.
Laihao Ding Guan-Huei Duh Guanghui Wang Tsai-Lien Wong Jianliang Wu Xiaowei Yu Xuding Zhu 《Discrete Mathematics》2019,342(1):279-284
A graph is -choosable if the following holds: For any list assignment which assigns to each vertex a set of real numbers, and assigns to each edge a set of real numbers, there is a total weighting such that for , and for every edge . This paper proves that if is a connected graph of maximum degree , then is -choosable. 相似文献
90.
Joseph D. Martin 《Annalen der Physik》2019,531(10)
Mildred Dresselhaus is known for her influential research on the physics of carbon. Her wide‐ranging influence as a physics teacher, although well‐known to her students, has been less thoroughly examined. Exploring how Dresselhaus grew into her role teaching solid state physics at MIT reveals much about how that subfield evolved. 相似文献